Fig. 2: Time-dependent XPS spectra and transient signals of core-excited and Auger states.
From: Observation of site-selective chemical bond changes via ultrafast chemical shifts
Panels a and d show the measured time-resolved XPS spectra. The corresponding calculated XPS spectra are displayed in panels b and e. The experimental XPS spectrum of the core-excited state shown in panel a is obtained by subtracting the signal at 40 fs and ΔAmpl. denotes the resulting difference signal. In panel d ΔAmpl. indicates the spectral amplitude after subtraction of the negative time delay signal. The initial time coincides with the center of the pump pulse. In the insets of panels b and e, the electron density in the core-excited and the dominant dissociative Φ and bound Π Auger states are displayed. The transient signals as a function of the time delay, panels c and f, are obtained by integrating the spectra over an energy window of 3.5 eV centered at the relevant peaks (shaded green, blue and red areas). The experimental and theoretical signals are displayed as dashed and solid lines, respectively. The vertical lines depict the standard error of the data as discussed in Supplementary Material S1.0.6.
