Fig. 5: Impact of flow rate on the grafted layer.
From: Covalent transfer of chemical gradients onto a graphenic surface with 2D and 3D control
a Schematic top view of the microfluidic channel showing the inlets and outlet ports. The dashed lines indicate the location (i.e. zone 2) where the AFM images were acquired. Panel a also includes the AFM images of the grafted layers obtained at different flow rates (50, 100 and 200 µL min−1) with a fixed flow time of 1 min. Scale bars in a: 2 µm. b The graph shows the decrease in layer thickness observed with increasing flow rate. c Graph showing the change in number (black) and diameter (red) of corrals with respect to the flow rate. Error bars represent the standard deviation of at least three different measurements. d–g AFM image (in d) indicating the sections used to generate the three topographic profiles presented in e–g. The results presented in d–g was obtained from the experiment performed with a flow rate of 600 µL min−1 for 10 min. Scale bar in d: 500 nm.
