Fig. 2: Separating w^GDe inheritance by F₂ sex allows different mechanisms of inheritance bias to be distinguished.

a Illustration of how homing, meiotic drive and copy-grafting/co-conversion are expected to influence the observed sex-linkage of an M (shown in Blue) linked w^GDe element in the progeny of male drive double heterozygous parents. The expected sex-linkage is exactly opposite for an m linked w^GDe element. b Parental germline inheritance bias of w^GDe when combined with no Cas9, nup50, bgcn, or an sds3-Cas9 expressing element. We included the nup50 results from Li et al. that use the identical w^GDe and nup50-Cas9 line. For each of the three Cas9 regulatory elements, the w^GDe inheritance from male double heterozygotes is reported in pairs of columns segregated by the sex of the F₂ progeny. In each case, the first pair of columns are the results for when w^GDe is m-linked (m), and the second pair are the results for when w^GDe is M-linked (M). Data are presented as mean values with the Wilson confidence intervals for the binomial proportion calculated for the pooled progeny count. The overlaid numbers are the percentage (cumulative within each column) of the indicated F₂ sex and w^GDe status among all progeny from that cross. The number of progeny scored is presented in Supplementary Table S3. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.