Fig. 1: Formulation and characterization of ophthalmic supersaturated oxygen emulsion (SSOE).
From: Perfluorodecalin-based oxygenated emulsion as a topical treatment for chemical burn to the eye
a Schematic depicting SSOE manufacture. PFD, surfactants and water are homogenized, and the emulsion is saturated with medical-grade oxygen in a high-pressure reaction vessel. Insert shows schematic depicting oxygen-carrying nanoparticles within the emulsion. b Compared with non-oxygenated emulsion, the oxygenated emulsion has a more uniform and reflective appearance. c SSOE is packaged into small pressurized canisters. d Electron microscopic image of SSOE nanoparticles (scale bar represents 200 nm). Data are representative of three independent experiments. e SSOE is readily dispensed from the canister and has a pH of 6.7 and can be transferred with a plastic pipette (insert). f Partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) with SSOE is above 600 mmHg upon dispensation for at least 2.5 h (dashed line: atmospheric pO2 of 160 mmHg). g SSOE maintains oxygen-releasing capacity for at least 1 year. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 4 individual canisters at each timepoint. h SSOE remains on the mouse ocular surface after application. i An accessory device is designed for SSOE application in humans. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
