Fig. 4: Deconvolution results on patient plasma cfDNA.

a Alteration of predicted tumor fractions before and after abiraterone acetate (AA) treatment on the patients with prostate cancer. The left graph suggests that confirmed treatment-sensitive patients show a significant decline on tumor fraction after the AA treatment, while no such phenomenon appears in the treatment-resistant patients (Right). Two-sided Welch’s t test for paired samples is used to assess the statistical significance. b Comparison of predicted tumor fractions between cirrhosis patients and the patients with cirrhosis as well as hepatic carcinoma (HCC). c Comparison of ROC curves calculated by exploiting predicted tumor fractions to classify cirrhosis patients and the patients with cirrhosis as well as HCC. d Significantly differential distribution (p-value < 0.003) of predicted tumor fraction among normal controls and HCC patients with different cancer stages, in which the median of predicted tumor fractions increases as cancer progresses. e Comparison of ROC curves calculated by SRFD and SRFD-Bayes when distinguishing HCC patients from normal controls. f Significantly differential distribution (p-value < 0.001) of predicted tumor fractions among normal controls, pre-diagnosis (asymptomatic participants who were later diagnosed with cancer in the following one to four years) and confirmed patients with early/late-stage cancers. The number of samples from different categories is shown below each box. The boxes are bounded by the first and third quartile with a horizontal line at the median and whiskers extend to the maximum and minimum values. Two-sided Welch’s t test is used to assess the statistical significance of predicted tumor fractions among different stages in b, d and f. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.