Fig. 1: Construction and evaluation of liposomal nanoparticles for adipose-selective drug delivery.

a Schematic diagram of the structure of triiodothyronine (T3)-encapsulated PTP-modified liposomes (PLT3), which is composed of HSPC, cholesterol, DSPE-PEG2K, DSPE-PEG5K-PTP, as well as T3. Cyanine 5 (Cy5) was encapsulated in the liposomes to trace the distribution of liposomes in vivo. b, c 8-week-old male C57BL/6 N mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with free Cy5 (FCy5), Cy5-encapsulated unmodified liposomes (LCy5), or Cy5-encapsulated liposomes modified with different molar ratios of PTP (PLCy5s) and sacrificed 8 h after injection. b Relative fluorescence intensities in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), liver, spleen, heart, lung, kidney, brain, and soleus were determined by a fluorimeter. c Ex vivo fluorescence imaging analysis for different tissues. d Fold changes of T3 concentration relative to saline-treated controls in different tissues of 8-week-old male C57BL/6 N mice were measured at 8 h after injection with FT3, LT3, PLT3, or saline. b–d n = 5 biologically independent replicates from one experiment. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was applied for comparisons among multiple groups. Source data are available as a Source Data file.