Fig. 8: Chronic seizure control and cognitive-behavioral responses during SNF stimulation. | Nature Communications

Fig. 8: Chronic seizure control and cognitive-behavioral responses during SNF stimulation.

From: Closed-loop direct control of seizure focus in a rodent model of temporal lobe epilepsy via localized electric fields applied sequentially

Fig. 8

a In vivo chronic experimental setup with implantable stimulator. b Experimental timeline. c Seizure duration in non-stimulation (n = 80 sessions), LIWF stimulation (n = 71 sessions), and SNF stimulation (n = 78 sessions) groups using a chronic seizure model (P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction). Center bar indicates median, box indicates 25th and 75th percentiles, and whiskers extend to the most extreme data points without outliers (±1.5 IQR). Outliers are shown in dot signs. d Corresponding cumulative distributions of seizure duration (P < 0.001 for all comparisons, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). e Example trajectory of a rat model with SRSs during place preference test in SNF condition. Orange bar indicates stimulation zone. Traces are color-coded for velocity. f Percentage times spent on stimulation side at varying stimulus intensities (P < 0.001, n = 5 per group, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction). g Example path-tracing during SNF stimulation in an open field. Travel distance (h P < 0.001, n = 7 per group, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction) and time in center region (i P < 0.001, n = 7 per group, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction) during stimulation. ***P < 0.001; NS, not significant. Bar graphs depict data as mean ± SD. Non-stim non-stimulation, WF-stim wide-field stimulation, LIWF-stim low-intensity wide-field stimulation, SNF-stim sequential narrow-field stimulation. For detailed statistical information, Supplementary Table 1. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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