Fig. 4: Steady-state E and V distribution.
From: The electric field cavity array effect of 2D nano-sieves
a Equipotential lines around the nano-sieve in P(VDF-HFP) dielectric. b Local electric field distortion (vertical direction) near a nano-sieve/polymer matrix interface under an external \({{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}\,\)= 200 MV/m. c Relative potential difference (\({{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{r}}}}}}}\)) and electric field distortion rate (\({{{{{\rm{\xi }}}}}}\)) induced by, nanosheet, 5@NSIs, 15@NSIs, and 50@NSIs. (\({{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{r}}}}}}}={{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}_{{{\min }}}-{{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{theory}}}}}}},\,{{\xi }}=(({{{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}}_{{{\max }}}-{{{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{ex}}}}}}})/{{{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{ex}}}}}}})\times 100\%\); where \({{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}_{{{\min }}}\) is minimum of \({{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}\) in the selected area, \({V}_{{theory}}\) is the theoretical potential without nanomaterials at the site, \({{{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}}_{{{\max }}}\) is maximum of \({{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}\) in the selected area, \({{{{{{\rm{E}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{ex}}}}}}}\) is externally applied electric field. d 3D graphs of \({{{{{{\rm{V}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\rm{r}}}}}}}\) of 15@NSIs-0.008 wt% in the selected surface (the image in the upper right is a visual enlargement from the top right to the bottom, the image in the lower right is a visual enlargement from the bottom right to the top). e 3D graphs of \({{{{{\rm{normE}}}}}}\) of 15@NSIs−0.008 wt% in the selected surface (the image in the upper right is a visual enlargement from the top to the bottom, the image in the lower right is a visual enlargement from the bottom to the top).
