Fig. 4: PRSS2 is required for efficient tumor formation of SUM159 cells.

A Immunohistochemical analysis of breast cancer patient Series 1 (n = 544 patients) for expression of: (i) PRSS2 in tumors with strong (high) PRSS2 expression in tumor cells, (ii) PRSS2 in tumors with weak (low) PRSS2 expression in tumor cells, (iii) PRSS2 in tumors with strong PRSS2 expression in TME, (iv) PRSS2 in tumors with weak PRSS2 expression in the TME; (v) proliferating microvessel density (pMVD) in tumors with strong PRSS2 expression, (vi) pMVD in tumors with weak PRSS2 expression; (vii) proliferation (Ki67) in tumors with strong PRSS2 expression; and (viii) Ki67 in tumors with weak PRSS2 expression (scale bar = 50 μm, original magnification ×400). B H&E staining and immunohistochemical analysis of prostate cancer patient series (n = 458 patients) for expression of: (i) PRSS2 in tumors with strong (high) tumor cell expression of PRSS2 in localized prostatic carcinoma; (ii): PRSS2 in tumors with weak (low) tumor cell expression of PRSS2 in localized prostatic carcinoma; (iii) PRSS2 in tumors with strong expression of PRSS2 in castration-resistant carcinoma (CR); (iv) PRSS2 in tumors with weak expression of PRSS2 in castration-resistant carcinoma; (v) VEGF-A in localized carcinoma with strong PRSS2 expression; (vi) VEGF-A in localized carcinoma with weak PRSS2 expression; (vii) Ki67 in localized carcinoma with strong PRSS2 expression; (viii) Ki67 in localized carcinoma with weak PRSS2 expression (scale bar = 50 μm, original magnification ×400). C Kaplan–Meier curve of clinical progression following radical prostatectomy of prostate cancer patients with strong and weak expression of PRSS2 (P values were determined via two-sided log-rank test). D Kaplan–Meier curve of overall survival following the acquisition of castration resistance of prostate cancer patients with strong and weak expression of PRSS2 (P values were determined via a two-sided log-rank test). E Plot of in vitro proliferation of SUM159 and SUM159shPRSS2 cells over 3 days (no significant difference was determined via two-sided ANOVA). F Plot of in vivo luciferase activity of orthotopic tumors formed by mammary gland injection of SUM159 and SUM159shPRSS2 cells (P value was determined via two-sided Mann–Whitney U test; error bars depict SEM). G In vivo luciferase imaging of mice bearing SUM159 (upper panel) and SUM159shPRSS2 (lower panel) tumors. H Photographs of tumors formed by SUM159 and SUM159shPRSS2 cells. I Plot of the volume of tumors formed by SUM159 and SUM159shPRSS2 cells (P value calculated via two-sided Mann–Whitney U test). J Immunohistochemistry of Tsp-1 in tumors formed by SUM159 and SUM159shPRSS2 cells (n = 8 mice per group) (scale bar = 200 μm).