Fig. 7: Inactivating cerebellar output and inferior olive have a differential impact on learning.

a Complete cerebellar lesion at different points during learning. Vertical lines represent at which point during training the cerebellum was inactivated in the ccRNN model. In gray and orange are shown the baseline performances of the cerebral RNN and ccRNN, respectively. b Normalised error after cerebellar lesion throughout learning with respect to ccRNN (ns denotes not significant: simple LD visuomotor p = 0.062 (session 150), p = 0.162 (session 475)). Gray denotes normalised error for cRNN. c Complete inferior-olive lesion at different points during learning. Vertical lines represent point of lesion of the ccRNN model. In gray and orange are shown the baseline performances of the cerebral RNN and ccRNN, respectively. d Normalised error after inferior-olive lesion throughout learning with respect to ccRNN. Gray denotes normalised error for cRNN. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 (two-sided paired t-test between ccRNN (ablation) and ccRNN (control)). Error bars represent mean ± SEM across 10 different initial conditions. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.