Fig. 2: InSight seismic observations of the PP and SS waves.

a The top and bottom traces are the displacement waveforms on the vertical component near the arrival of the PP phase and the tangential component near the arrival of the SS phase, respectively. Both traces are bandpass filtered between 2.8 s and 6 s with a two-pass second-order Butterworth filter. The signals at 0 s are the preferred PP and SS phases picked in this study, and the dashed grey bars indicate the PP and SS arrivals (with an uncertainty of 10 s) provided by Horleston et al. (2022) (ref. 7). b Similar to (a) but with an additional polarization filtering²⁷ to enhance the body-wave signals. The differential arrivals of the PP/SS precursors are also annotated (see Methods section for the uncertainty estimations). The positive parts of the auto-correlation coefficients for the vertical and tangential components are shown as shaded waveforms on the top (multiplied by −1 to fit into the plot) and bottom axes, respectively.