Fig. 5: The land surface temperature trend induced by biophysical feedback of earth greening (δLSTbio) over 2001–2018.

a Global map of \({\delta {LST}}_{{bio}}\). b Latitudinal means of annual and seasonal \({\delta {LST}}_{{bio}}\). Abbreviations: MAM, March to May; JJA, June to August; SON, September to November; DJF, December to February. c Ranking of mean \({\delta {LST}}_{{bio}}\) for different biomes. The error bars represent the 95% confidence interval of the temperature trend. Only those biomes with the area greater than 1.5% of the global vegetation area are shown. OWV other woody vegetation.