Fig. 3: Overview of DNA base editors and prime editors.
From: Assessing and advancing the safety of CRISPR-Cas tools: from DNA to RNA editing
a Diagram of the DNA base editors. BE2, BE3, HF-BE3, eA3A-BE3, BE4, BE4-Gam, and AncBE4max are developed as cytosine base editors (CBEs), while ABEmax and ABE8e are adenine base editors (ABEs). GBE and CGBE1 belongs to C-to-G base editors (CGBEs). A&C-BEmax, SPACE, Target-ACEmax, STEME-1 and ACBE are generated as dual-deaminase base editors (ACBEs) by fusing CBE with ABE. When fused a CGBE with ABE, AGBEs are developed as represented by AGBE-4 and miniAGBE-4. b Diagram of the Prime editors. While nCas9 (H840A) and pegRNA are required for all prime editing strategies, PE3/PE5/PEmax contains a nicking sgRNA to increase the editing efficiency. PE3b contains a sgRNA with spacer that match the edited strand to minimize the presence of concurrent nicks. Besides one pegRNA-mediated conventional PEs, two pegRNAs strategy is used in dual-pegRNAs, PRIME-Del, HOPE, twinPE, GRAND, Bi-PE and PETI to further increase the prime editing efficiency, enable longer edits and introduction of recombination sites.
