Fig. 1: Contraceptive use significantly alters the composition and diversity of vaginal bacterial communities across 218 participants. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Contraceptive use significantly alters the composition and diversity of vaginal bacterial communities across 218 participants.

From: Copper intrauterine device increases vaginal concentrations of inflammatory anaerobes and depletes lactobacilli compared to hormonal options in a randomized trial

Fig. 1

a Cross-sectional comparisons of clinical Nugent scores by randomization arm Cu-IUD (n = 47); DMPA-IM (n = 36); LNG implant (n = 46). b Cross-sectional comparison of the effect of each contraceptive method on vaginal bacterial Shannon diversity Cu-IUD (n = 55); DMPA-IM (n = 45); LNG implant (n = 53). c PCoA ordination of relative abundance transformed taxonomic abundance using Bray-Curtis distance. Samples are colored by CST. d PCoA ordination of relative abundance transformed taxonomic abundance using Bray-Curtis distance. Samples are colored by randomization arm. e Network analysis of samples visualized using a Bayesian directed acyclic graph (DAG) and colored by CST. f DAG colored by randomization arm. DAGs were generated using Euclidean distance on centered log ratio transformed taxonomic abundance. Network inference was performed using the PC algorithm. Two-tailed P values were calculated using an ANCOVA model for multiple comparisons of Nugent scores and Shannon diversity, and a permutational ANOVA for multiple comparisons in the beta-diversity analysis. All hypothesis tests included baselines values as a covariate. Boxplots limits define the first and third quartiles, the center line represents the median, and whiskers define 1.5x interquartile range.

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