Fig. 6: Phenotypic diversity and complex ancestries.

a Saccharomyces strains affected by gene flow for the GAL regulon genes. Names of strains with genome-wide admixture (Supplementary Data 3) are boxed. Strain names are colored according to species designations. Complete genes with a phylogenetic position (Supplementary Fig. 28) as expected based on population genomic analysis (Supplementary Fig. 9) are labeled as white. Genes acquired from another lineage by gene flow are labeled orange. Genes with premature stop codons or in a more advanced state of pseudogenization are labeled gray. Genes with complex ancestries, such as unexpectedly ancient alleles, are labeled cyan. Genes not detected by any of the methods employed in this study (see Methods) were considered absent and are labeled red. b) Maximum biomass production (OD₆₀₀) on 2 % galactose for Saccharomyces strains (n = 125, Supplementary Data 6). Each point is a strain colored by species designation. Data were split based on whether (left) or not (right) gene flow had occurred. Asia A and B S. kudriavzevii (on the right) were separated from the rest of Saccharomyces data points for clarity. The groups are defined as follows: (i) S. cerevisiae: Group 1 (Domesticated strains: Bioethanol, Beer 1 & 2, Wine/European, and Sake populations), Group 3 (West African population), Group 4 (CHN IV population), Group 5 (Asian Islands, Malaysian, and North American populations). (ii) S. paradoxus: Group 1 (European-America A population), Group 2 (Far East population), Group 3 (America B population), Group 4 (America C population). (iii) S. mikatae: Group 1 (Asia A population), Group 2 (Asia B population). (iv) S. kudriavzevii: Group 1 (EU population), Group 2 (Asia A population), Group 3 (Asia B population). (v) S. arboricola: Group 1 (Asia A population), Group 2 (Oceania population). (vi) S. uvarum: Group 1 (Holarctic population), Group 2 (South America A population), Group 3 (South America B population), Group 4 (Australasia population). (vii) S. eubayanus: Group 1 (Holarctic population), Group 2 (Patagonia B population), Group 3 (Patagonia A population).