Fig. 5: Neural recordings in areas V1 and V6.

a Band-pass-filtered signal (0.3–6 kHz) from example recording sites across one shank in area V1 (left) and area V6 (right). The top and bottom traces show a magnified view of the respective example signals in V1 and V6. b Receptive field (RF) locations calculated from the normalized multi-unit-activity (MUA) of all significantly modulated sites along the example shank (n = 32 out of 32 sites). Outlines of RFs are shown at the bottom in black-to-gray lines from most superficial to the deepest channel. The vertical black line indicates the median RF location across all sites. The black cross marks the position of the fixation point at the center of the monitor. c Trial-averaged MUA along the example shank around the time of visual stimulation with gratings. Asterisks on the left indicate significant modulation between pre-stimulation baseline (−0.25–0 s) and poststimulus time (0–0.65 s) (P < 0.05; two-sided Kolmogorov–Smirnov test for channels with MUA > 3σ). d Average MUA ± SEM across all significantly modulated sites from the example V1 shank (n = 31 out of 32 sites). e–g Same as b–d but for example shank in area V6 (n = 20 out of 32 sites were modulated during RF mapping; n = 27 out of 32 sites were modulated during visual stimulation with gratings). MUA was smoothed with a Gaussian window (σ = 8 ms). Note different axis scaling and RF sizes between area V1 and V6 in panels b and e. Data for RF mapping and visual stimulation with gratings were recorded in separate sessions in Monkey A. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.