Fig. 5: An irreversibly altered extracellular matrix shows specific changes in the HS sulfation pattern following NSTEMI.

a Representative Alcian Blue (top) and Masson’s Trichrome (bottom) showing sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen (dashed in red) in ischaemic core (IS) region of NSTEMI infarcts on d28 post-NSTEMI. n = 5 animals per group. b Quantification of heparan sulfate (HS) to chondroitin sulfate (CS) ratio in GAGs extracted from tissue. n = 5 HLT, n = 4 d7, n = 5 d28 animals. c Relative percentage of NS, 2S and 6S sulfation in extracted HS from healthy (HLT) and IS samples on d7 and d28 post-NSTEMI. n = 5 HLT, n = 4 d7 and n = 5 d28 animals. d VEGF binding capacity of extracted total GAGs (at 100 μg/ml) between HLT and d28 IS. n = 3 HLT and n = 5 d28 animals. Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test in (b, P = 0.02 HLT vs. d28 IS) and (c, P = 0.002 HLT NS vs. d28 IS NS, P = 0.008 HLT 6S vs. d28 IS 6S), two-tailed Mann–Whitney test (P = 0.036) in (d). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Data are plotted showing the mean and standard deviation in (b–d). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.