Table 2 Results of net energy balance assessment for co-producing H2 and MSA under the base-case conditions of ηSTH = 5%, tdevice = 10 years with H2-to-MSA conversion efficiency from 0% to 60%

From: Life cycle net energy assessment of sustainable H2 production and hydrogenation of chemicals in a coupled photoelectrochemical device

STH efficiency

Longevity

(years)

H2-to-MSA conversion efficiency (µ)

Normalized net energy balance (MJ/m2/yr)

CED of H2 (MJ/kg)

5%

10

0%

−158 ± 63

204 ± 34

5%

10

20%

1655 ± 63

−982 ± 42

5%

10

40%

3469 ± 63

−2960 ± 56

5%

10

60%

5282 ± 63

−6915 ± 84

  1. The error values provided for the normalized net energy balance and the cumulative energy demand (CED) of H2 were obtained from the uncertainty analysis.
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