Fig. 1: Electrolyte screening for CIBs.
From: Electrolyte design principles for developing quasi-solid-state rechargeable halide-ion batteries
a Comparison of the theoretical energy density and specific energy of Li–, Na–, K–, F–, and Cl-ion batteries. The theoretical specific energies are calculated based on the total mass of the anode and cathode active materials. b Price of raw materials for Li– and Cl-ion batteries. c Schematic representation of the molecular strategy used for the development of CIB binary non-aqueous electrolyte solvents. μ is the dipole moment. d Fe and Cl2 solubility in different electrolyte samples at 25 °C. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. e Self-discharge profiles of fully charged Li||FeOCl coin cells with different electrolytes at 25 °C. f LUMO and HOMO energy values of PC, DMA, FDMA, and HFE molecules. The corresponding molecular structures and visual geometry structures are shown in the insets. Grey, white, red, blue, and cyan balls represent carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and fluorine atoms, respectively.
