Fig. 4: Experimental validation of antimicrobial activity of plant-purified AMP1 against ESKAPE pathogens and their prevention of biofilm formation. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Experimental validation of antimicrobial activity of plant-purified AMP1 against ESKAPE pathogens and their prevention of biofilm formation.

From: Efficient in planta production of amidated antimicrobial peptides that are active against drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens

Fig. 4: Experimental validation of antimicrobial activity of plant-purified AMP1 against ESKAPE pathogens and their prevention of biofilm formation.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a–c, Purified peptides exhibit a similar efficacy as synthetic peptides. For each assay, 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL of each ESKAPE [E. coli PI-7, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) USA300, K. pneumoniae, A. junii, P. aeruginosa, and E. faecalis] pathogen were treated with 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.215, 1.56 µg/mL of peptides in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth for 24 h. Up to >50% reduction of carbapenem-resistant E. coli PI-7 in OD600, at a concentration of pp: 50 μg/mL, sp: 50 μg/mL, >90% of inhibition of MRSA USA300 (pp: 25 μg/mL, sp: 25 μg/mL), P. aeruginosa (pp: 25 μg/mL, sp: 25 μg/mL), K. pneumoniae (pp: 6.25 μg/mL, sp: 6.25 μg/mL), A. junii (pp: 50 μg/mL, pp: 12.5 μg/mL), E. faecalis (pp: 25 μg/mL, sp: 25 μg/mL); pp: purified peptide; sp: synthetic peptide. Data are mean ± SD of three independent experiments performed in duplicates. d–f, Bactericidal activity of synthetic and purified peptide for the prevention of biofilm formation after 24 h of incubation in biofilm medium containing various concentrations of peptides. Results are expressed as biofilm mass, measured using crystal violet staining, in arbitrary units (au). Data are mean ± SD of three independent experiments performed in duplicates. The purified AMP1 abolish >90% of MRSA USA300 biofilms at 12.5 μg/mL, P. aeruginosa at 25 μg/mL, A. junii at 50 μg/mL, K. pneumoniae at 6.25 μg/mL, E. faecalis at 50 μg/mL (P = 0.0022). *, significantly different (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001) compared to control (0 µg/mL), as calculated using the two-tailed Mann-Whitney rank sum test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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