Fig. 8: Li-ion storage mechanism of the LTC positive electrode based on the Ti2+/Ti3+ redox couple.

a, b Ex situ Ti-2p (a) and Cl-2p (b) X-ray photoelectron spectra of the LTC positive electrode in the Li-In | LPSCl | LZC | LTC cell at different SOCs of its initial discharge (the corresponding voltage profile with SOCs indicated is displayed in Supplementary Fig. 11). c Ex situ XRD patterns of the LTC positive electrode from the Li-In | LPSCl | LZC | LTC cells at different SOCs. d, e Close-up views of the XRD patterns in c. The data for each SOC is plotted in the same color as that in c.