Fig. 4: The stall-and-release experiment of IF1-stalled bMF1.

a Schematic images of the manipulation procedure in the stall-and-release experiment. When bMF1 was stalled by IF1, the magnetic tweezers were turned on to stall bMF1 at the target angle. After the set time had elapsed, the magnetic tweezers were turned off, and the molecule returned to the initial angle. Released bMF1 either resumes its rotation (ON) or stays at the initial position (OFF). These behaviors indicate whether or not IF1 dissociates from bMF1 under the stalling time. b A representative time course of the stall-and-release experiment under 100 μM ATP, 100 μM ADP, and 1 mM Pi in the presence of 3 μM IF1. In this figure, the stall time for both trials (blue) was 5 s and the stall angles were -26° and -168°, respectively. c Angle dependence of reactivation probability under 100 μM ATP, 100 μM ADP, and 1 mM Pi in the presence of 3 μM IF1. Each data point was obtained from 10 to 57 trials using 4 to 14 molecules. Counterclockwise rotation (blue) and clockwise rotation (orange) are defined as positive and negative direction, respectively. The colors on the plots represent the stall time of 0.5 s (red), 2 s (gray) and 5 s (blue), respectively. Values represent reactivation probability (\({P}_{{ON}}\)) ± SD. \({P}_{{ON}}\) was defined as the probability of an ON event against total trials. The SD of \({P}_{{ON}}\) is given as \(\sqrt{{P}_{{ON}}\,(100-{P}_{{ON}})/N}\), where \(N\) is the number of total trials in each data point. Source data and the exact number of trials in each data point are provided in the Source Data file.