Fig. 6: AARS1 promotes cancer cell proliferation through non-canonical function.

a IHC staining of the expression level of AARS1 from normal to advanced stage tissue. b Overrepresentation of AARS1 and PARP1 in tumor tissue is detected by western blot analysis (n = 12 repeats per group) (two-sided Student’s t-test, mean ± SD). N = tumor-adjacent tissue, T = tumor tissue. The left panel shows western blot analysis of AARS1, TARS1, SARS1, PARP1, PARylation, actin, and lysine alanylation of PARP1 in tumor tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues. The bottom panel shows the quantified western blot results of 12 pairs of samples. The results of the other 6 pairs of samples are provided in Extended Data Fig. 7a. c The impacts of AARS1 overexpression (OE) on Hutu80 cells and WDC-1 cells’ proliferation (n = 5 repeats per group) (two-sided Student’s t-test, mean ± SD): vector (control), OE-AARS1, and OE-AARS1-alaninol. The value of OD450 and days are shown on the y- and x-axes, respectively. d The impacts of AARS1 knock-down (KO) on Hutu80 cells and WDC-1 cells’ proliferation (n = 5 repeats per group) (two-sided Student’s t-test, mean ± SD): scrambled siRNA and AARS1 KO. e The effects of AARS1 OE (left)/KO (right) Hutu80 cells and WDC-1 cells invasion (n = 5 repeats per group) (two-sided Student’s t-test, mean ± SD). f Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of AARS1-interacting proteins in biological processes. These proteins are identified by a proteomics survey using tandem affinity purification. g Co-immunoprecipitation assay showing that exogenous AARS1 and exogenous PARP1 interacted in cultured Hutu80 cells and WDC-1 cells. h The impacts of AARS1 on cellular PARylation level. i Activities of PARP1 immunoprecipitated from cells transfected with different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (n = 5 repeats per group) (two-sided Student’s t-test, mean ± SD). ****p < 1.0E−4, ***p < 1.0E−3, **p < 1.0E−2, *p < 0.05, ns. >0.05. Source data are provided as a Source data file.