Fig. 2: Structural analysis of glycans.

a Structures of four isomeric disaccharides, which have isomerization of composition, connectivity, and configuration in pairs. b Ion cloud profiling spectra of the four disaccharides: trehalose (red), maltose (orange), cellose (green), lactose (blue), and the mixture of these four (black). c Ion cloud profiling spectrum of lactose and cellose mixture. d Tandem MS spectra of lactose and cellose mixture (top), pure lactose (middle), and pure trehalose (bottom). Lactose (blue) and cellose (green) have identical mass to charge ratio, m/z 365, and fragment, m/z 305, in tandem MS spectra. e Calibration curves for pure lactose and cellose. For quantitative analysis of pure sample, concentrations varied from 5 μM to 50 μM. Each value represents the mean ± s.d. (N = 10). f Calibration curves for the mixture of lactose and cellose. For quantitative analysis of mixture, concentration of cellose was 5 μM, and concentration ratios of lactose to cellose varied from 0.5 to 10. Each value represents the mean ± s.d. (N = 15). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.