Fig. 1: Level scheme of the 40Ca+ ion.
From: Native qudit entanglement in a trapped ion quantum processor

Encoding quantum information in the sub-levels of the S1/2 and D5/2 manifold allows us to increase the size of the computational Hilbert space. Coherent operations between the sub-levels can be performed using 729 nm laser light, while 401 nm light is used to generate the light shift for the state-dependent force.