Fig. 5: Polyfunctional CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses in blood and lung of convalescent and vaccinated patients.

a, b Comparison of the net frequency of polyfunctional CD107a⁺ IFNγ⁺ cells within CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell subsets for each of the four groups after exposure of PBMCs (a) or single-cell suspensions of lung tissue (b) to any of the three viral peptide pools (membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N), and spike (S) peptides). Data in bar graphs are shown as median ± IQR, where each dot represents an individual patient for each group (Ctrl, control, n = 5; Inf, convalescent infected, n = 9; LT, vaccine 2/3 doses, n = 10, and ST, vaccine 3/4 doses, n = 6). Statistical significance was determined by was determined using Kruskal–Wallis test (with Dunn´s post-test, two-sided). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.