Fig. 8: Amplified antitumour effects of NIL-IM-Lip + L and PD−1 mAb cotreatment in hot tumours (B16F10 model) and cold tumours (CT26 model).

Mice were euthanized when the tumour volumes reached ~2000 mm3. a Schedule of the NIL-IM-Lip+L combined with PD-1 mAb experiment in B16F10 tumour-bearing C57BL/6 mice. b Tumour volume curves of different formulations (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). c Photographs of tumours after 16 days of treatment (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). d Individual tumour volume curves after treatment with different formulations (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). e Tumour weights in different formulation-treated groups (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). f, g Flow cytometric analysis of the intratumoural CTLs, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, NK cells and Treg cells (n = 3 biologically independent experiments per group). h, i Flow cytometric analysis of the infiltration of DCs, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells and Treg cells in the LNs (n = 3 biologically independent experiments per group). j Schedule of the NIL-IM-Lip+L combined with PD-1 mAb antitumour experiment in CT26 tumour-bearing BALB/c mice. k Tumour volume curves of different formulations (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). l, Photographs of tumours after 16 days of treatment (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). m Tumour weights in different formulation-treated groups (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). n Individual tumour volume curves after treatment with different formulations (n = 5 biologically independent animals per group). o, q Flow cytometric analysis of the intratumoural CTLs, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells q, NK cells and Treg cells (n = 3 biologically independent experiments per group). p, r Flow cytometric analysis of the infiltration of DCs, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells (r), NK cells and Treg cells in the LNs (n = 3 biologically independent experiments per group). Data are presented as mean values ± SD. Statistical significances were calculated by one-way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. PD-1: PD-1 mAb; NIL-IM-Lip+PD-1 + L: the combination the NIL-IM-Lip+L and PD-1 mAb.