Fig. 1: The preparation of a high-concentration individualized SWCNT solution.

a Schematic diagram of the preparation of high-concentration individualized SWCNT solution; b The relationship between the shear viscosity and initial concentration of SWCNT solution before and after the first ultracentrifugation; c Optical absorption spectra of the as-prepared individualized SWCNTs with different initial concentrations; d The relationship between the initial SWCNT concentration and the concentration of the as-prepared SWCNT solution. “Disp” and “Concen” are the abbreviation of the words “Dispersion” and “Concentration”. The dispersion efficiency of SWCNTs was evaluated by the ratio between their resulting and initial concentrations. The SWCNT concentration in the as-prepared dispersions was calculated based on their absorbance at 273 nm46.