Fig. 2: Transmission electron microscope (TEM) characterizations of pristine WSe2 and 1D/2D WO3-x/WSe2 heterostructures.

a TEM image of pristine WSe2 supported on a holey carbon-coated TEM grid. b, c Selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern (b) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM) image (c) of the pristine WSe2. d–f HAADF-STEM images of WO3-x/WSe2 heterostructures at different magnifications. Gray, green, and red spheres in (f) represent W, Se, and O atoms, respectively. g HAADF-STEM image of a bilayer WSe2 treated by oxygen plasma for only 5 s in order to capture the intermediate states. Partial WSe2 was etched and formed amorphous clusters, which were then crystallized into WO3-x nanowires under the plasma atmosphere.