Fig. 3: Design of the iontronic pressure sensor with optimized microstructures.

Results from finite element analysis reveal the a stress distribution and b normalized relative contact area change (ΔA/A0) at the electrode/IL interface under pressure loading on the sensor with varying (uniform and gradient) microstructures. Experimental validation of the normalized relative capacitance change from the pressure sensor based on c uniform and d gradient microstructures (IL of 20 wt%).