Fig. 3: National CO2 emissions with and without re-allocation of capital-associated CO2 emissions under the ‘business-as-usual’ (BAU), capital for economy and social well-being (KES), and capital for low-carbon development (KLC) scenarios until 2030.

a National CO2 emissions of China under different scenarios. Colored areas represent the 25th–75th percentile of the results of the uncertainty analysis. b National CO2 emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) for 2017 and 2030 under different scenarios. Re-allocated CO2 emissions embodied in capital depreciation (FK) are disaggregated into those that occurred in the period 1995−2017 (with solid purple edge line) and those that would occur in the period 2018−2030 (with dashed purple edge line).