Fig. 2: Glucocorticoid-mediated response and resistance in NALM6 and REH GCR cells.

A Percentage of live cells (cPARP^-/cCASP3^- gated cells) in vehicle (ethanol, veh) and dexamethasone (dex, 1 µM) treated conditions in NALM6 and REH overexpressing GCR (REH GCR) and REH wild type (wt). Individual plots from three independent biological replicates are shown with the median and significance was tested using a two-tailed paired t-test. NALM6: p = 0.0012; REH GCR: p = 0.0075. B Frequency in each cell cycle phase in vehicle versus dexamethasone (1 µM) NALM6, REH GCR, and REHwt cells. Asterisks indicate the significance of Fisher’s LSD test between vehicle and dexamethasone for each phase. NALM6: G1 p = 0.0263; S p = 0.0007; REH GCR: G0 p = 0.0003, G1 p < 0.0001, S p < 0.0001. C Differentially expressed genes in NALM6 cells in dexamethasone versus vehicle. The log2FoldChange (log₂FC), p values, and adjusted p values (padj) were calculated using DESeq2 default settings (alpha = 0.05, lfcThreshold = 1, pAdjustMethod = “BH”) and significant genes were considered the ones with padj <0.05. Volcano plots were generated using EnhancedVolcano R package⁶¹ and default cutoffs were used: FC| > |2 and p value 10e⁻⁶. D Differentially expressed genes in REH GCR cells in dexamethasone versus vehicle. The log₂FC, p values and adjusted p values (padj) were calculated using DESeq2 default settings (alpha = 0.05, lfcThreshold = 1, pAdjustMethod = “BH”) and significant genes were considered the ones with padj <0.05. Volcano plots were generated using EnhancedVolcano R package⁶¹ and default cutoffs were used: FC| > |2 and p value 10e⁻⁶. E NES (normalized enrichment score) after GSEA analysis using the Reactome database. Blue bars indicate cell cycle-related pathways downregulated in dexamethasone-treated cells, while red bars highlight BCR downstream signaling pathways upregulated in dexamethasone-treated cells. FDR <0.25 cutoff was used. F Enrichment plots of cell cycle checkpoints with specific NES score and FDR value G Enrichment plots of downstream signaling events of BCR with specific NES score and FDR value. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.