Fig. 5: The influence of lattice strain on SOT switching ratio.

a–d show the SOT induced ZFS of perpendicular magnetization in the samples of MgO(001)/NiO(20)/Ta(0.2)/Pt(4)/C (1)/Pt(1), STO(001)/NiO(20)/Ta(0.2)/Pt(4)/Co(1)/Pt(1), MgO(001)/NiO(5)/Ta(0.2)/Pt(4)/Co(1)/Pt(1) and STO(001)/NiO(5)/Ta(0.2)/Pt(4)/Co(1)/Pt(1) respectively. ZFS represents the magnetization switching occurred without the assistance of magnetic field.