Fig. 3: Inter-regional theta information accumulation effects supporting successful WM.

a, b Successful CL performance was linked to increased theta synchrony to the second over first item between the VAN and FPN (t(88) = 2.27, p = 0.026) (a) and within the LBN (t(36) = 2.62, p = 0.013) (b). Data are represented as individual electrode-pair datapoints, and condition probability densities and medians calculated across electrode pairs from all subjects (n = 67 (a) or 19 (b) electrode pairs from 11 biologically independent samples). Boxplots present the medians and interquartile ranges, and whiskers the 1.5 × IQR from the quartile. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Notes on p-values and network abbreviations are provided in the legend of d. *p < 0.05. c Electrode pairs contributing to the significant correct > error effects in a and b, overlaid on the MNI-152 template brain. The colors of electrodes indicate the network. Inter-electrode lines are shown in blue. Line thickness indicates the relative size of the item 2 > 1 difference (0 < z < 0.25), consistent with information accumulation. This figure was created using BrainNet Viewer⁷². d T-statistics from post hoc testing of accuracy across each pair of networks and within each network (FPN-VSN t(8) = 1.39, p = 0.201; DMN-VSN t(2) = 2.96, p = 0.098; SMN-SMN t(55) = 1.72, p = 0.091; VAN-SMN t(27) = −1.27, p = 0.217; LBN-SMN t(6) = 1.17, p = 0.286; FPN-SMN t(60) = 1.03, p = 0.307; DMN-SMN t(42) = −0.60, p = 0.554; FPN-DAN t(17) = 1.43, p = 0.172; VAN-VAN t(54) = −1.02, p = 0.315; LBN-VAN t(16) = −0.53, p = 0.604; FPN-VAN t(88) = 2.27, p = 0.026; DMN-VAN t(50) = −2.54, p = 0.014; LBN-LBN t(36) = 2.62, p = 0.013; FPN-LBN t(50) = −0.49, p = 0.627; DMN-LBN t(40) = −0.90, p = 0.376; FPN-FPN t(88) = −0.65, p = 0.517; DMN-FPN t(29) = 1.05, p = 0.301; DMN-DMN t(69) = 0.57, p = 0.571). P-values are two-sided and uncorrected. VSN visual network, SMN somatomotor network, DAN dorsal attention network, VAN ventral attention network, LBN limbic network, FPN frontoparietal network, DMN default mode network; black box, p < 0.05. e Successful CL performance was linked to minimal change in theta synchrony between items in DMN-VAN interactions (t(50) = −2.54, p = 0.014; n = 74 electrode pairs from 11 biologically independent samples), same conventions as a, b. f Electrode pairs contributing to the significant correct <error effect in e, overlaid on the MNI-152 template brain. The colors of electrodes indicate the network. Inter-electrode lines are shown in blue (item 2 > 1) and red (item 1 > 2). Line thickness indicates the relative size of the difference (−0.24 < z < 0.24). This figure was created using BrainNet Viewer⁷².