Fig. 1: Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI).

A Averaged value of SUHI between 2010 and 2020 for the 200 cities analyzed in this research. B As an example, we report the opposite cases of Kyoto and Jeddah that have positive and negative values of the SUHI, respectively. The satellite images show the difference in the vegetation of the adjacent rural areas. On the right we show the correlation between SUHI and the average value of the rural greenness expressed with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as defined in the Methods section for all the cities. See data availability and code availability for publicly available dataset and codes for generating the figures.