Fig. 1: The fabrication and biological functions of gas nanoadjuvant. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: The fabrication and biological functions of gas nanoadjuvant.

From: Gas therapy potentiates aggregation-induced emission luminogen-based photoimmunotherapy of poorly immunogenic tumors through cGAS-STING pathway activation

Fig. 1: The fabrication and biological functions of gas nanoadjuvant.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a Schematic illustrating preparation routes for gas nanoadjuvant. b Schematic diagram of gas nanoadjuvant-based cGAS-STING pathway-dependent antitumor immune responses. Following tumor accumulation, the virus-like surface helps gas nanoadjuvant effectively invade cancer cell through spike surface-assisted adhesion. After entering cancer cell, the overexpressed GSH could break tetrasulfide bond that enables H2S generation and drug release. Upon NIR laser irradiation, the AIEgen-based phototherapy could activate MnCO to produce CO and Mn2+. Both H2S and CO stimulate the intracellular release of mtDNA to exert immunoadjuvant property by cGAS-STING pathway activation. Meanwhile, Mn2+ is a powerful cGAS activator to enhance STING-mediated type I IFN response. The gas nanoadjuvant can engage cGAS-STING pathway in both tumor cells and DCs, leading to DC maturation and potent antitumor immune responses.

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