Fig. 6: Simulation of frictional fingers.
From: Frictional fluid instabilities shaped by viscous forces
a Dvisc = 22, corresponding to injection of water at Q = 100 mL/min with φ = 0.42. The viscous pressure field (cyan to magenta) is calculated on a branching tree that follows the skeleton of the fingers. The outer radius is rout = 13.4 cm and the gap thickness is b = 0.9 mm. Inset: Close-up showing the filling-fraction field (grey-scale pixels), the interface (red chain of nodes), and the viscous skeleton (blue nodes and edges). b Fluid pressure at inlet for experiment and simulation at Dvisc = 31 (Q = 1 mL/min, η = 141.4 Pa.s).
