Fig. 8: Pharmacological inhibition with TMP195 attenuated kidney fibrosis.

a H&E staining, Masson´s trichrome staining and Sirius Red staining were performed to assess kidney injury and fibrosis. Photomicrographs and quantifications of Vimentin and α-SMA staining were performed to assess kidney fibrosis. F4/80 staining was performed to assess kidney inflammation in different groups. Scale bar: black = 50 μm. (n = 6 mice per group). b Relative mRNA level of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα in the cortex of kidney from AAN mice. (n = 6 mice per group). c Representative photomicrographs of coimmunostaining with antibodies to Ki-67 (anti–Ki-67) and p-H3 (anti–p-H3) on kidneys and the percentage of Ki-67⁺ p-H3⁺ cells among total Ki-67⁺ tubular cells in different groups. Scale bar: white = 20 μm. (n = 6 mice per group). d Protein levels of p21 and TGF-β1 in the cortex of kidney from different groups. (n = 6 mice per group). e Photomicrographs and quantifications showing the expression of PCNA in kidney from different groups of mice (up panel); PCNA-positive cells per high power field (hpf) are counted and shown. Scale bar: black = 50 μm. Representative photomicrographs of kidney sections stained for α-SMA, PDGFRβ⁺, and DAPI (down panel). Quantitative analysis of a-SMA staining in the kidney was performed. Scale bar: white = 20 μm. (n = 6 mice per group). f Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry for HK-2 in different groups. (n = 6 biologically independent experiments). g Protein levels of p21 and TGF-β1 in HK-2 with AA treatment. (n = 6 biologically independent experiments). h The level of TGF-β1 in the culture supernatant from HK-2 treated with AA for 24 h. (n = 6 biologically independent experiments). i Protein levels of Vimentin, α-SMA and PCNA in fibroblasts treated with conditioned medium from HK-2 cells with different treatments. (n = 6 biologically independent experiments). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (a–i). Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test (a–i). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.