Fig. 4: Wave propagation and effective growth rate.
a The wave magnetic field strength and b the effective growth rate as a function of s and t for the wave propagating in the s direction, from the computer simulation of the chorus event at Mars. The orange dashed lines mark s/de = −0.28, while the blue dashed and dotted lines mark s/de = −0.1 and s/de = −0.05, respectively.
