Fig. 2: Total annualised system costs compared to the endogenous +2oC budget scenario without estimated costs of climate change damage.
From: Endogenous learning for green hydrogen in a sector-coupled energy model for Europe

The costs of individual years are shown here, however, the entire period from 2020–2050 is solved in one single optimisation. The shaded areas represent the sensitivity analysis to ± 10% learning rates for different technologies.