Fig. 5: Impaired neuronal network activities in brain organoids carrying NRXN1 deletion.

a Representative fluorescent images of intact donor derived organoids (Ctrl.² and NRXN1^del2) expressing soma-GCaMP6f2 at ~120 days prior to live Ca²⁺ imaging. b Colored raw intensity traces are shown in the boxed graphs with averaged intensities plotted in bolded black. c Averaged data for synchronous firing rates (number of detected synchronous spikes/minute) representative of network activity, as well as amplitudes (dF/F₀) and frequencies (total number of detected peaks/minute) of spontaneous spike activity, are shown in scatter plots. Each data point represents averaged data from a single field of view (FOV) consisting of 4-5 ROIs per FOV. At least 4–6 FOVs were taken from each organoid and 5 organoids per genotype were used for experiments. N = 29–30 for Ctrl; N = 23–25 for NRXN1^del2. d Experimental flow of live Ca²⁺ imaging with glycine stimulation. e Synchronous firing rate is plotted in genotypes with or without stimulation. Each data point represents averaged data from a single field of view (FOV) consisting of 4–5 ROIs per FOV. At least 4–6 FOVs were taken from each organoid and 5 organoids per genotype were used for experiments. N = 24–25 for Ctrl; N = 16–19 for NRXN1^del2. Error bars represent +/− S.E.M. Statistical significance is represented by asterisks: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001. Student’s t test (two-sided) was performed for data shown for c and one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons (Tukey’s test) was used for data shown on e. Source data and statistics are provided as a Source Data file.