Fig. 1: In vivo transfer of orally administrated nanoparticles and their targeted liver accumulation.
From: Antioxidant hepatic lipid metabolism can be promoted by orally administered inorganic nanoparticles
a Schematic illustration (Created with BioRender.com) showing in vivo delivery of orally administrated nanoparticles to liver tissues. b Time-dependent distribution of nanoparticle-positive cells in the main organs of wild-type (WT) mice after treatment with gavage of fluorescence (Cy5.5)-modified TiO2 nanoparticles (0.72 mg/kg). The detailed gating strategy is provided in supplementary information, Fig. S6. c Elemental analysis showing the bio-distributions of Ti elements in the main organs of mice 21 days after nanoparticle gavage. TiO2-L, TiO2-M, and TiO2-H represent mice groups treated with low-dose (0.72 mg/kg/day), middle-dose (1.8 mg/kg/day), and high-dose (18 mg/kg/day) of TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively. d Relative mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of different types of liver cells indicating the accumulation of Cy5.5-modified TiO2 nanoparticles in different liver cells in WT mice 1 h after gavage of Cy5.5-modified TiO2 nanoparticles (1.8 mg/kg). e Relative MFI changes in different types of liver cells indicating dynamic changes of nanoparticle distributions in liver cells as a function of time after Cy5.5-modified TiO2 nanoparticle gavage. f Representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showing the Kupffer-hepatocyte nanoparticle transfer. The TEM samples were collected 6 h after gavage of nanoparticles. Data in (b–e) are presented as mean values ± SEM. n = 6. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
