Fig. 4: Projected changes in the predictability of seasonal precipitation under global warming scenario SSP3-7.0.
From: Climate-driven changes in the predictability of seasonal precipitation

a–d, Multi-model ensemble (MME) mean changes in seasonal precipitation predictability (\(\overline{\varDelta {{{{{{\mathrm{NSE}}}}}}}}\)) between historical (1964–2014) and future (2049–2099) periods from 32 ensemble members of the best 10 performing CMIP6 models (see Fig. 3) for a boreal spring, b boreal summer, c boreal autumn, and d boreal winter. Stippling indicates regions where at least 80% of the models show the same sign of change. Grey dashed regions indicate arid areas whose long-term mean total seasonal precipitation is <50 mm, which were excluded from the analyses.