Fig. 2: Subthreshold membrane voltage (Vm) delta rhythm structures spike timing and Vm.
From: Striatal cholinergic interneuron membrane voltage tracks locomotor rhythms in mice
a, b Population Vm spectral power of (a) delta-rhythmic ChIs (red, n = 22) and non-delta ChIs (blue, n = 5) and of (b) delta-rhythmic SYNs (red, n = 9) and non-delta SYNs (blue, n = 16). Boxes highlight delta frequencies. c Delta power (1–4 Hz) for delta-rhythmic (D) and non-delta (ND) ChIs (independent t-test, p = 0.047, n = 27, df = 25). d Same as c, but for SYNs (independent t-test, p = 0.006, n = 25, df = 23). e Illustration of delta-cycle length variability in an example ChI. f, g The population (f) Vm and (g) spike autocorrelogram for delta-rhythmic ChIs (n = 22). h Population-averaged instantaneous Vm delta-frequency distribution (1–6 Hz was used to better capture the variations in instantaneous delta-frequencies). FWHM, full-width-at-half-maximum. i Quantification of peak delta frequency and FWHM of delta-frequency distribution (n = 31). j An example striatal neuron’s Vm filtered at 1–4 Hz (yellow) and spikes (red ticks). k The squared phase-locking value (PLVu2) of spikes to Vm across frequencies for delta-rhythmic (red) and non-delta neurons (blue). Inset: the polar histogram of an example delta-rhythmic neuron’s preferred spike phase to Vm delta. l Spike-Vm PLVu2 around peak delta frequency (2–3 Hz) in delta-rhythmic (D, red) versus non-delta ChIs (ND, blue) (independent t-test, p = 0.005, n = 27, df = 25). m Same as l, but for SYNs (independent t-test, p = 3.08 × 10−8, n = 25, df = 23). n Example voltage trace of a striatal neuron with spikes (red ticks) and corresponding LFP (yellow). o PLVu2 of spikes to LFP across frequencies for delta-rhythmic (red) and non-delta neurons (blue). Inset: the polar histogram of delta-rhythmic neurons’ preferred spike phase (mean angle) to LFP delta oscillations. p Spike-LFP PLVu2 in the delta frequency range between delta-rhythmic ChIs and non-delta ChIs (independent t-test, p = 0.032, n = 27, df = 25). q Same as p, but for SYNs (independent t-test, p = 4.84 × 10−5, n = 25, df = 23). All shaded regions around line plots represent the standard error of mean. Quantifications are visualized as violin plots with the outer shape representing the data kernel density and a box-and-whisker plot (box: interquartile range, whiskers: 1.5x interquartile range, white line: mean). All statistical tests are two-sided. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
