Fig. 5: Auditory and visual cortices show similar prevalence and overlap of sensory and behavioral signals.

a (Top) White noise stimulation paradigm schematic. (Bottom)Trial averaged activity for single cells (arranged by unit number, left axis) and ensemble averaged activity (overlaid trace) of all significantly suppressed (left) and sound-excited (right) single units in auditory cortices during sequences of sound stimulation. Colorimetric axis denoting activity relative to max are shown to the right. b (Top) Recording paradigm for light/dark sessions. 2 s segments of trial averaged and ensemble averaged activity of all significantly dark-suppressed (left) and dark-excited (right) single units in visual cortices. Axis labels are the same as in (a). c Distribution of recording sites of single units modulated significantly by sound (blue) or luminance (red) across sensory cortices (opacity represents concentrations of units). Sound- and light-modulation within auditory and visual cortices, respectively, were highest in layer 4 (L4). In A1, 48% of L4 neurons had significant sound modulation indices (SMIs), followed by layers 5 and 6, with 26% and 25%, respectively. In V1, 30% of layer 4 neurons had significant luminance modulation indices (LMIs); layer 5 had 27%, layer 6 had 24%, and layer 2/3 had 23%. d (Left) Venn diagrams and pie charts summarizing the overlap between and breakdown of spiking profile, sound modulation and behavioral tuning (as determined by the GLM analysis; n.c. non coding) in auditory cortices (A1 and A2D); the fraction of fast spiking (FS) and regular spiking (RS) cells in each category are indicated on either side of each pie chart. (Right) Same as (left) but for luminance modulation and visual cortices (V1, V2L and V2M). Source data are provided as a Source data file.