Fig. 5: α-ketoglutarate treatment remediates Δrim15 biotrophic growth.
a Glutamine and glutamate concentrations were similar in WT and Δrim15 mycelia under steady state growth conditions in minimal media with 0.5 mM glutamine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, but α-ketoglutarate levels were almost halved in Δrim15 mycelia compared to WT. Values are the ratios of metabolite concentrations in Δrim15 over the metabolite concentrations in WT. Raw values are in Supplementary Data 3. b Live-cell imaging of detached rice leaf sheath epidermal cells infected with the indicated strains shows how treatment with 10 mM of the α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) cell-permeable analog dimethyl α-ketoglutarate (DMKG) remediated Δrim15 biotrophic growth and restored biotrophic interfacial membrane integrity. c Live-cell imaging of detached rice leaf sheath epidermal cells infected with the indicated strains show that treatment at 36 hpi with 10 mM of the glutaminolytic amino acids glutamine and glutamate (as L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt hydrate), but not 5 mM ammonium tartrate (NH4+), remediated Δrim15 biotrophic growth in host rice cells by 44 hpi. b, c White arrowheads indicate appressorial penetration sites. Red arrows indicate BICs. Asterisks indicate movement of IH into neighboring cells. Bars are 10 µm. Merged channel is shown. NT is no treatment. Representative images and values are derived from observing 50 infected rice cells per leaf sheath per treatment. n = 3 biological replicates. Values are means ± SD. b, c Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
