Table 2 Inferred spatiotemporal data at major nodes

Node	Date (CE) [95% highest probability density]	Location (posterior probability)
Xci origin	−9501 [−13099 to −6446] [−12052 to −3851]	South Asia 1 (0.85) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
Xci diversification	1218 [962–1437] [−3648 to 285]	South Asia 1 (0.81) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
Xci (A^W, A) divergence	1305 [1061–1511]	South Asia 1 (0.82)
Xci A* diversification	1523 [1377–1650]	South Asia 1 (0.80) Iran, Oman, Saudi Arabia
Xci A^W diversification	1461 [1227–1675]	South Asia 1 (0.80) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
Xci A diversification	1524 [1390–1637]	South Asia 1 (0.99) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
Xci A - (A2, A1) divergence	1570 [1408–1684]	South Asia 1 (1.00) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
Xci A1 diversification	1696 [1607–1768]	South Asia 1 (1.00) Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
Xci A expansion (polytomy)	1829 [1799–1845]	South East Asia 2 (0.62)
Xci A—New Zealand MRCA^a	1925 [1896–1949]	South East Asia 2 (0.79)
Xci A—South America MRCA^a	1930 [1907–1951]	South East Asia 2 (0.96)
Xci A—SWIO islands MRCA^a	1868 [1844–1899]	South East Asia 2 (0.83)
Xci A—Caribbean MRCA^a	2000 [1991–2008]	SWIO islands (1.00)

Estimations inferred by Patané et al. ³⁴ (in italics) were indicated when possible.
CE Current Era, SWIO South West Indian Ocean, South Asia 1: Bangladesh, India and Nepal; South East Asia 2: Indonesia and Philippines; SWIO islands: Comoros, Mauritius, Rodrigues, Mayotte and La Réunion.
^aFor nodes indicated with an asterisk, reconstructed locations are given for the parent node, i.e., the split between the MRCA of the strains from the indicated geographic areas and its closest relative.

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