Fig. 5: Printing Conductive hydrogels with 3D structures.
From: Liquid-in-liquid printing of 3D and mechanically tunable conductive hydrogels
a Diameter control of the printed hydrogels. The aqueous printing ink (ink 1) was injected at varying flow rates and print head speeds into the oil phase. b Top: optical image of PEDOT hydrogels 75 µm in diameter obtained by direct liquid-in-liquid printing. Bottom: intensity profile showing the high uniformity of the obtained hydrogels. c An aqueous ink spiral (ink 1), 1.1 m long with a thread thickness of 300 µm, in silicone oil. These liquid threads can be physically isolated with the PPSs to prevent them from sticking to or fusing with each other. Scale bar is 4 mm. d The fabricated ink 5* gel filament. The scale bar is 7 cm. e A printed PEDOT hydrogel (ink 1) in a 3D hourglass shape. The scale bar is 3 mm. f Schematic of 3D printing of conductive and tubular structured hydrogels enabled by double PPSs interfacial assembly layers. g Cross-sectional SEM image of freeze-dried hydrogels with tubular frames (ink 1). The scale bar is 300 µm. h Flow of an aqueous solution of methylene blue and a hexane solution of oil red through the tubular PEDOT hydrogel. The scale bar is 2 mm.
