Fig. 4: SAProsome-3 enhanced cytokine production and reprogrammed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in the MC38 tumor model.

a Flow cytometric plots of T cells in MC38 tumor tissue analyzed on day 10 after treatment (gating on CD3⁺ cells, n = 8 mice/group for biologically independent samples). b Intracellular cytokine staining to evaluate TNFα and IFN-γ production by tumor-infiltrating CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in response to phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin stimulation and the frequency of CD107a⁺ T cells in the tumors were analyzed using flow cytometry (n = 9 biologically independent samples). c Flow cytometric plots and quantitative analysis of M1- and M2-like macrophages within the TME (n = 7 biologically independent samples). d, e Cell proportions of NK cells in CD45⁺ cells (d) and dendritic cells (DC) expressing CD80/CD86 (e) in tumors (n = 8/group). f, g Frequency of granulocytic and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) (gMDSC and mMDSC, respectively) in tumors (n = 8 biologically independent samples). h Flow cytometry scatter plots and quantification of CD80/CD86 expression by DCs in the tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN) (n = 8 biologically independent samples). i Frequency of CD3⁺CD8⁺ and CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cells and the ratio of CD8⁺ cytotoxic T cells versus CD4⁺ T cells (n = 8 samples/group) in TDLNs after treatment. j Macrophage polarization profiles in TDLNs (n = 8 biologically independent samples). k–m Splenocytes from mice in each treatment group were analyzed on day 10 using flow cytometry to examine the frequency of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells (k) activated DCs expressing CD80/CD86 costimulatory molecules (l) and M1- and M2-like macrophages (m) were also analyzed in the spleen. n = 8 biologically independent samples. In a–m, data are presented as the mean ± s.d. and statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Source data are provided as a Source data file.