Fig. 6: Atf3 deletion induces SC activation during voluntary and endurance exercise.

a Schematic of the experimental design for VE. b Quantification of Myod+ cells on the above TA muscles. p = 0.54, 0.00024, 0.00049 and 0.0024. c IF staining of Pax7 (green) and MyoD (red) on SCs isolated from the above mice and cultured for 24 h sorted. Scale bar: 50 μm. p = 0.91, 0.00035, 0.000018 and 0.000032. d EdU (red) was stained on SCs sorted from the above mice and cultured for 24 h. Scale bar: 50 μm. p = 0.90, 0.0010, 0.00013 and 0.046. e H&E staining of the above TA muscles. Scale bar: 50 μm. p = 0.00043, 0.0073, 0.00021 and 0.00047. f Fiber size of the above TA muscles (e). p = 0.54, 0.19, 0.012 and 0.0017. g Quantification of Pax7+ SCs on the above TA muscles. p = 0.66, 0.000023, 0.000052 and 0.0017. h Schematic of the experimental design (EE). i Quantification of Myod+ cells on the TA muscles collected from the above Ctrl and iKO mice with or without EE. p = 0.0000026, 0.0010, 0.0000073 and 0.0000015. j IF staining of Pax7 (green) and MyoD (red) on SCs sorted from the above mice and cultured for 24 h. Scale bar: 50 μm. p = 0.000062, 0.00035, 0.035 and 0.0000018. k EdU (red) was stained on SCs isolated from the above mice and cultured for 24 h. Scale bar: 50 μm. p = 0.00031, 0.0010, 0.00034 and 0.0012. l H&E staining of the above TA muscles. Scale bar: 50 μm. p = 0.0000039, 0.0073, 0.000000071 and 0.00000026. m Fiber size of the above TA muscles (l). p = 0.0022, 0.19, 0.91 and 0.0012. n Quantification of Pax7+ SCs per on the above TA muscles. p = 0.000018, 0.000024, 0.0067 and 0.0049. n = 5 mice per group (b–g, i–n). All the bar graphs are presented as mean ± SD. Student’s t test (two-tailed unpaired) was used to calculate the statistical significance (b–g, i–n): *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. n.s. no significance. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.